Abington VS/ Schempp :: Free Essay Writer

Abington School District vs. SchemppRequired School PrayerIn 1949, a state-wide law was passed in Pennsylvania that required public school students to pack scriptures from the sacred scripture and recite the Lords Prayer everyday in class. This law stayed intact until Edward Schempp challenged it nine years later. Pennsylvania wasnt the first or the only state to enforce law making it mandatory for students to read from the Bible during school. Twenty-five additional states had laws allowing optional indication for the Bible. But in eleven of the twenty-five states, courts had decided those laws were unconstitutional. Mr. Schempp took the case to court in to 1958, claiming that required reading for the Bible and recitation of the Lords Pray prohibited free exercise of religion for his children, and was therefore unconstitutional, under the First Amendment. Mr. Schempp son, Ellory, stated under oath, that he didnt not believe in Jesus messiah, or the Christian beliefs. He testifi ed that ideas opposing to his were presented to him while he was at school in Abington High. He received punishment because he refused to stand at attention during the recitation of the Lords Prayer and when requested to leave during the exercise, his demands were denied.One of the greatest witnesses was Rabbi Dr. Solomon Grayzel. Dr. Grayzel explained the psychological harm that could come from reading the New Testament without explanation. The context of the New Testament, without explanation of the work, had caused grievances in Jewish children while in similar required situations. This too came to show that if a Jewish child could be offended and upset by the Bible reading, any child of a family rejecting the principles of the Trinity and Jesus Christ would be equally offended, to the point that reading the Bible could be considered blasphemous. In argument for the recitation of the Lords Prayer, they said that reading the Bible not only was essential to the building of good mo rals and development of the minds of impressionable school children, it was free to be interpreted anyway because of lack of comment and explanation. They claimed that the Bible was not a religious work, but when viewed from the eyes of a Christian, it did express the message of Christianity.This case bounced back and forth between Supreme Court and order court before eventually ending in 1963. Abington school soil appealed to the Supreme Court after it was not satisfied with the verdict at district court level.

We Must Put an End to Frivolous Inmate Lawsuits Essay -- Argumentative

We Must Put an End to Frivolous Inmate LawsuitsOur forefathers were burnished enough to establish a system of government with a series of checks and balances to maintain a balanced government. For the past decade a series of checks and balances has begun to weaken our government. In our failing system of government inmates have taken advantage of the court system and have flooded it with an inconceivable number of frivolous lawsuits. laurel wreath Walters, a writer for the Christian Science Monitor, investigated inmates lawsuits and found that these recreational litigators...are suing the courts as an intramural sports activity. Action needs to be taken in order to amend and protect US from this squandering of our revenue enhancement payer provided funds and resources. Today in a world when knowledge is power, Im ready to hand other tax payers an entire empire.The United States (US) and us the tax payers are being taken advantage of and it is time that those in power begin to not ice. Linda Greenhouse, in a freshly York Times article, cites one of the few to become aware of this problem. despotic Court Chief Justice William Rehnquist feels, prisoners often squander judicial resources with little offsetting benefit to anyone. Our Supreme Court Chief Justice has realized this shortcoming, and it is about time the rest of us wake-up too. For over a decade our legislative branch has been dragging its feet and behind to react to this extremely costly prison industry.Eight-hundred inmate lawsuits costing $1.7 million were filed in Ohio in 1995 and as many as 95 percent of those cases were dismissed. A total of 53,312 inmate lawsuits were filed nationwide in federal courts in 1994, this comes at a total of $113 billion dollars* of tax money esse... ...CitedDuhaime, Lloyd. Outrageous Lawsuits. WWLIA World considerable Legal Information Association. http//wwlia.org/lawsuit.html Freedman, Eric. Two inmates ordered to pay costs of lawsuits. Detroit pertlys. Aug. 13, 1993. B6.Fugate, Larry. New law cracks down on frivolous inmate lawsuits. Source News & Reports. July 19, 1996. http//sddtsun.sddt.com/capital of Ohio/Files3/9607193.html Greenhouse, Linda. High court, changing recent course, makes it harder for prisoners to sue. New York Times. June 29, 1995. B7.Harris, Sandra Ann. People Are Talking Crime Inmate lawsuits costly to taxpayers. Detroit Free Press. October 23, 1995.Officials to fight frivolous inmate lawsuits. New York Times. February 5, 1996. B2.Walters, Laurel Shaper. States rewrite laws to week out suits for cruel and unusual Jello. Christian Science Monitor. October 16, 1995.

DuBois and Black Nationalism Essay -- essays research papers

DuBois and Black patriotismThe Epigraph The colored people are coming to face the fact quite calmly that most white Americans do not like them, and are planning neither for their survival, nor their definite future W.E.B. DuBois A Negro Nation within the NationThe Premise Black patriotism is a pragmatic solution for the success and survival of the oppressed African Americans. The ArgumentBlack Nationalism is defined by Karenga, as the political public opinion and practice of African Americans as a distinct people with a distinct historical personality who politically should develop structures to define, defend, and develop the interests of Blacks as a people. Black Nationalism can be traced back to the 18th century, back to William Edward Burghardt DuBois, the most prominent black intellectual of all time. Black Nationalism is the reply of African Americans to the continual racism and oppression they experience. It came about because of two reasons the racism that they faced daily, and being exploited economically by white supremacy. Black Nationalism seeks a solution to the problems that African Americans face on a daily basis.After the Civil War, the situation of the black people was not good it was a semi-free, semi-slave situation. An example of this is tenancy, where the Blacks have control of the work process and work schedule but ultimately had to give up the fruits...

A Tyrants Cruelty in Pakistan :: essays research papers

I declare emergency The screen of the TV blurred and then, it went pitch-black, shut down to the millions of stunned expressions across Pakistan, their ears echo its final call. It was time. He had done this before, but now, hed simply crossed the line. The Constitution pronounced its final vows, justice was heartlessly cremated, lives bid farewell with a alone(p) tear, and not even the ashes of liberty were able to be whiffed in the monoxodized morning sky. Pakistan and its civilians had plunged into deepest mourning as an onyx blanket leisurely wove its tendrils over the nation, plaguing it, depriving the once-united country of its birthright. Was this an epidemic comparable the Bubonic Plague, a warfare like the WWII, a revolution like its own, a natural disaster like a massive earthquake, or possibly mass destruction under the hands of terrorists. Staggered as you may be, the ultimate choice is the closest possible answer. Under its hands, we have got suffered so much?it mur ders without regret, it knows no bounds of means to quenching its thirst for power, it throws ministers, judges, and the poorest alike into the relentless walls of prison. It says that emergency occurred to PROTECT Pakistan, since it was supposedly under threat of disunity. Emergency is replaced by a to a greater extent appropriate term for the events happening there now, MARTIAL LAW, as it purely and apparently is. It has given a new face to Hitler, releasing bombs in the houses of God, trivial children and huffaz perishing without mercy, it has created destruction and chaos amidst a cloud of weeping citizens, straining his teacup of those who timidly agree with him and callously disposing of the remnants. It is known by titles of both President and General. It is quoted to have said We dont want anyone in agitation mode, and I will tell Negroponte and the US that Pakistan comes first, and there are certain realities on the ground -- extremism and terrorism -- that make me decide to go with emergency law. It took over in a 1999 coup, swearing oath in the name of integrity, constitutional law, and endless loyalty. And here we are, nearly a decade past, and where have those promising words been concealed during that lingering epoch? Those who have the courage to fight in the name of independence are flung into the undefined enclosed chambers of jail, comparable to rubbish on the streets, though they are persistent and determined to overcome this deadly poison.

A Time To Kill (Movie) Essay -- essays research papers

A Time to KillAre things the same now in your life than 5 years ago? Everything in our life is based on change. We would not be where we were today without changes. We have to deal with these changes in our occasional life whether they argon bad or good. People do not like some changes that occur and revolt against them to slow down the changing process. We are still not over some of the issues in the Civil War when its been 140 years since it ended. We can only presume that changing takes time. As seen in the movie A Time To Kill, issues from our Reconstruction Period after the Civil War, are still being dealt with today. Three of these issues are Ku Klux Klan, Lack of Payment, and African Americans in Politics.The Ku Klux K...

A Time To Kill (Movie) Essay -- essays research papers

A Time to KillAre things the same now in your demeanor than 5 years ago? Everything in our life is based on change. We would not be where we were today without changes. We have to deal with these changes in our everyday life whether they are bad or good. People do not like some changes that occur and revolt against them to slow down the changing process. We are still not over some of the issues in the civilian War when its been 140 years since it ended. We can only presume that changing takes time. As seen in the movie A Time To Kill, issues from our Reconstruction menstruation after the Civil War, are still being dealt with today. Three of these issues are Ku Klux Klan, Lack of Payment, and African Americans in Politics.The Ku Klux K...

Pros and Cons of Drugs

The Pros of Illegal Drugs Many countries along with the United States have laws forbidding the possession, sale, and use of certain medicates ranging everywhere from ganja to heroin. Though umpteen countries classify these doses as illegal, I believe certain ones are non as dreary as people portray them as. In my mind, the illegal drug cannabis, excessively known as marijuana should be legalized since it can not only improve the economy but its array cause are not that foreign to other legal drugs. I believe marijuana should be legalized considering its side effects are not too extreme.Drugs such as heroin, cocaine, and ice should not be legalized. These drugs carry strong side effects and are damaging to the body, resulting in damage to the human body. A debatable point on the matter is the money these drugs produce. Some believe that legalizing these certain drugs will in fleck assistance the suffering economy we are now facing. Though this may be true in some aspects , it is an awful idea in others. Yes, legalizing these drugs would bring in a large profit considering how pricy they are, however it also would be very malignful to the people using them.These drugs can be overdosed on very easily, and if so it can result in severe harm or even death. Marijuana on the other hand can also produce a large profit without those severe consequences. Side effects of marijuana are quite minor compared to other illegal drugs. It speeds up the users heart rate and causes physical impairment. The worst of its side effects are breathing difficulties and the increase in chances of getting lung cancer. These side effects are exactly the same as those of cigarette consumers.Smoking tobacco cigarettes carries the same side effects plus even more due to the buildup of tar it causes in the lungs and yet the sale and consumption of such a product is still legal. I see the use of marijuana as a combination of the consummation of alcohol and cigarettes at the same ti me. These side effects are not that bad compared to those of more potent drugs such as heroin, cocaine, and methamphetamine. The sale of an illegal drug such as marijuana could really boost the already struggling economy.If the brass were to contribute to the sale of marijuana by adding a sale tax to it, it could provide the government with much needed money. The legalization of such a drug would create a high supply and demand for the product, which would allow the government to modern its sale and production. It would also provide the economy with more jobs. It would open up more employment for those suffering from the economys state considering the product would need to be produced and grown in large amounts.Along with the help the sale of marijuana could produce towards the economy, it would also eliminate the forbidden fruit variable. Young adolescents tend to be drawn into actions that they are forbidden to do. Legalizing marijuana would end that and would in turn even keep the use to a minimum for many individuals. There are many pros to legalizing certain illegal drugs within the United States. Legalizing marijuana would help more than it would do harm.Other drugs such as heroin, cocaine, and methamphetamine should not be legalized due to their harmful side effects, even though they would bring in a large profit. Though marijuana would not produce quite as much profit as those more potent drugs, it would still contribute greatly to the economy. It would not only provide the government with money if it was taxed, but it would also contribute to the work force. The high demand for the product if legalized would create jobs for unemployed persons. The legalization of a drug such as this would contribute to the U. S. s struggling economy.

Descriptive Essay – My Daughter’s Birthday

My Daughters Birthday I was al about nine months pregnant at the beginning of September, the summer sexual climax to an end, but nonetheless, the bun in the oven was cooking on very high temperatures making me feel hot and miser commensurate. As I waited in the doctors office for my weekly routine visit, I thought to myself, I have two more visits left before I meet my sweet luxuriate girl. My doctor told me that due to the presumed size of my baby if I did not go into labor by the next morning, she was going to induce my labor.Being a new mom, I did not know what that meant but I had heard from other moms that this was a painfulnessful process and undoubtedly, I became scared. Sympathetic of my anxiety towards the induction, my doctor gave me some advice. She tell go home, eat some greasy foods and have sex with your partner and that should make you go into labor. So needless to say, I followed my doctors orders. The calzones we ordered from our local pizzeria were delicious, dripping entirely with gooey cheese and grease.I suffered into bed to make love to my hubby and we were fast asleep by no subsequently than 1000 p. m. At about 100 a. m. , I woke up to subtle tightening on my belly. I thought to myself, was that a contraction I solely tangle? After about 10 minutes, sure enough I felt a lighting strike across my belly causing me to jump out of bed startling and waking my husband from his sleep. He suddenly laughed and said, Did your doctors tip work? Evidently it did, because a couple of hours later, we were headed to the infirmary to deliver a baby.After arriving at the hospital it either seemed to have happened so fast because before I knew it, I was already undressed, robed and made as comfortable by the nurses. The discomfort of my labor pains had grown stronger and intensified each period I had a contraction taking over my belly. At about 10 00 a. m. , the anesthesiologist and was ready to administer the epidural and the fear of the lon g frightening needle, became a blessing in disguise.Within seconds the anesthesia began to work and the pain became much more tolerable. Shortly after a lengthy nap I heard the nurse say, Im calling the doctor, its time to start pushing. By this time, mom and my sisters had arrived at the hospital and were also in the room. Of course my husband was also in the room which made the room headcount to about eight or nine people. My nurse told me, just remember, screaming doesnt help get the baby out you need to push with all you have.I hung on to those words thinking I inevitable to focus and not be so dramatic which is pretty much what she implied. I needed to be ready, like a professional boxer is when he steps into a ring to meet his match. After three attempts of trying to push what felt like a basketball at the time, I became frustrated and fiercely told the doctor get it out I looked over to my mom and she was crying as both my sisters were as well, and thought to myself shoul dnt I be the one crying?After a couple more pushes, I soon got what I and everyone else in that room wanted. At four minutes after five that evening, Sydney was born. Immediately after the nurses got her cleaned up and laid her on my chest and I was able to hold her in my arms and I looked at her beautiful soft face, my eyes welled up with tears as she so strongly took my breath away. Sydney was the most beautiful baby girl I had ever seen in my entire life. From that point forward, my life changed completely for the better and it will never be the same.

In-House Training

In-ho delectation develop Introduction The role of instruct and development is the field which is concerned with organizational activity aimed at bettering the performance of Individuals and crowds in an organizational setting. Training focusing on doing activities to develop for current job and development to prepare future roles & responsibilities. In theater reading is a prep program to practise Trainers go through the job description for leaning opportunities developed by the organization has been used and implemented by the organization in 2005.Is an activity provided by employee who develop training with the good expertise of training materials, courses, assessment. Further much, thither are some ways to method employee training. There is teaching work-related skills like classroom-based training, webinars, self-directed acquire to make sure the standards and come over expectation at other company. Usually, the only bigger company toilette offer to Completely provide the needed training in-house of supplementing their in-house programs with external programs to Develop the various reasons.In-house training should be viewed as an investment to promote their clients shares, as opposed to a cost. This investment in human capital place be measured in the evaluation process.Body of the Essay In-house training seems like coaching as it stays for long-term success of the strategic goals to set up objective goals what kind of the satisfy to address need training when a person has a more experienced and knowledgeable person to help some other person in order to educate to develop their visions and methods pertinent to the accomplishments of their job, gaining Skills Abilities because this will allow for motivating the employee and building a more positive environment.For instance, a group of employee shares together their information to some other person to have a skill about their information to benefit for this person.Keeping classroom training in h ouse by using an employee in an onsite classroom to watch it whats required to train them design a classroom training program. This is particularly true when the training includes legation critical topics. It may educate them on existing policies, procedures, and best practices, then have them design a classroom training program. CITATION Whe17 l 1033 (When to use in-house training for your employees., 2012-2017) .The external training it gives you access to whoever you want or possibly can manage to do the sessions, you can choose your friends but not your relatives as they say. Whilst you might be stuck with your in-house experts your corporate family. CITATION InH00 l 1033 (In-House Vs. External Training which is better?, 2000).The Pros of in-house training is that the Training cost savings are the cost per set apart is typically less when compared to sending the same number on to public training courses which mean regularly workers need to grow professionally, however will ap proximately likely be unable to bring about the cost of classes, preparing programs or different assets freely. At the point when businesses go up against this cost, it can prompt more joyful representatives and support coordinated effort. Business reproductions and different projects are best utilized when representatives can work in groups, and subsequently are upgraded for a works environment setting.Setting up this level of joint effort in the workplace, while all the while creating center vocation aptitudes for representatives, can add to steadfastness and ?retention. CITATION How151 l 1033 (How a training program can drive home your business money, 2015 ) , more focused training- Individuals can understand from their own history and learn from other employee, Convenience that fit around the working schedule of the employees or using a work examples, Team building had different training classrooms give individuals opportunity to encourage greater team work, awareness and und erstanding of each others role and Incorporate organizations values.The cons of In-house training which there is extra administration this Although you save money by decreasing the organization required by the training company, you do go up against this weight yourself. Requirements for In-House training courses could include a training room, equipment such as laptops, and tablets amongst other things. These should be dealt with and ahead of time to guarantee the training works, Delegates stay onsite to the pure fact the candidates could be pulled out of the classroom in order to help with different exercises suggests they probably will be.This makes it hard to really get a candidate through a whole session without intrusion, committal It could be argued that by not moving the training course out the building, it might not be viewed as such a serious character by your employees that if you were to take them to an external location, Lack of innovationIf you are using all of your ow n equipment in the same environment that your staff is used to there is a danger of the training course going stale. Familiarity could mean a lack of improvement in the training that could hold you back and Networking Your staff wont meet anybody from different organizations if the training course is done In-House. This is missing out on an excellent networking opportunity as well as the fact different ethos and styles brought by employees from other organizations can give a different view to your employees again helping them develop.The benefit of the topic Consultation that spending a time with a trainer to identify and assess your specific training requirements. This mean to make sure that the trainer to improve a course that meets all the goals. Cost potent this will often charge a cost of delegate, particularly if you deliver the course at your trainer and Flexible the person who will train to another person this means to ensure courses are structured and delivered to meet yo ur organizations culture and work priorities. People carrying out this training already work for your in- house training, to be sure that they know your in-house training, too. CITATION The09 l 1033 (The benefits of in-house training, 2009). Furthermore, In house benefit for organization Retention In house benefit for employees Professional development, Employee satisfaction.ConclusionIn an organization that is truly committed to the utilization of human capital, in order to gain acompetitive advantage in the training or in the case of approximately libraries justifying their need forresources, in-house training programs are the most effective to the long-term success of theorganizations strategic goals. Training should be seen as an investment in the organizationsstrategic plans. To compete strategically, you mustiness first determine the training need through self-assessment, develop a training program that will support the job analysis and core competencies needed. This encomp ass will motivate people and the conditions in which they will be motivated to satisfy them.Bibliography BIBLIOGRAPHY (2000).Retrieved April 1, 2018, from In-House Vs. External Training which is better? https//www.agencycentral.co.uk/articles/2016-04/benefits-of-internal-training.htmHow a training program can save your business money. (2015 , March 31 ).Retrieved from CAPSIM http//www.capsim.com/blog/how-a-training-program-can-save-your-business-money/The benefits of in-house training. (2009).Retrieved from https//www.theirm.org/training/in-house-training.aspxWhen to use in-house training for your employees. (2012-2017). Retrieved from http//vnmanpower.com/en/when-to-use-in-house-training-for-your-employees-bl211.html

Benefits After the Russian Revolution

15-Minute Oreo Pie * 1 package Oreos * 1/2 stick butter (or margarine) * 1 1/2 cups cold milk * 2 packages (4-serving size) vanilla extract-flavored split second pudding * 1 8-oz. tub Cool Whip, thawed Crush 24 to 30 cookies (Id recommend doing this in a blender or victuals processor. I tried using a involute pin and zip top bag and it was a bit more time-consuming than it likely would be in a blender. ) liquefy with melted butter and pressed onto the bottom and sides of a 9-inch pie plate. Beat milk and pudding together until thick (approximately 1 to 2 minutes). Carefully stir in whipped overstep and blend well.Crush or chop at least 12 Oreo cookies and fold into the pudding mix. Spoon onto crust. ornament with Oreos and refrigerate for at least four hours. OREO ICE CREAM PIE Read more about it at www. cooks. com/rec/view/0,1937,150160-228199,00. html Content copyright 2012 Cooks. com All rights reserved. 1 pkg. Oreo cookies (lg. ) 5 tbsp. melted butter 1/2 gallon vanill a ice cream, softened 1/2 tbsp. vanilla 1 (13 oz. ) container Cool Whip 1/2 c. chopped nuts Chocolate syrupCrush Oreo cookies with rolling pin. Combine with melted butter and press into a greased 9 by 13 inch pan.Combine ice cream, vanilla and 1/2 of Cool Whip. Place on top of crust and close up until firm. After frozen, spread rest of Cool Whip on top. Sprinkle with nuts and drizzle chocolate syrup over the entire surface of pie in a lacy pattern. Keep frozen. Serves 15. * 32 OREO Chocolate Sandwich Cookies, split * 1/4 cup butter or margarine, melted * 2 cups cold milk * 2 pkg. (4 serving size) JELL-O Chocolate Flavor Instant Pudding & Pie Filling * 1 (8 ounce) tub COOL WHIP Whipped Topping, thawed, divided Directions 1. Finely crush 24 of the cookies mix with butter.Press firmly onto bottom and up side of 9-inch pie plate. 2. Pour milk into large bowl. Add pudding mixes. Beat with fit whisk 2 minutes or until well blended. (Mixture will be thick. ) 3. Spoon 1-1/2 cups of the pudding into crust. Gently stir 1/2 of the whipped topping into remaining pudding spread over pudding layer in crust. Chop remaining 8 cookies stir into remaining whipped topping. Spread over pie. 4. keep 4 hours or until set. One package of Oreo cookies One stick of butter or margarine Two eight ounce packages of cream cheeseflower, softenedThree nonpareil ounce packages of instant vanilla pudding Four cups of milk ? tub of whipped cream Directions Before getting started, it is very important to take the cream cheese out of the refrigerator and let it soften for at least an hour. If the cream cheese is cold, it will not blend into a smooth mixture. Step 1 Place the Oreo cookies in a gallon size plastic bag, removing all the air before sealing it. Crush the Oreo cookies with a rolling pin or mallet. The Oreos do not need to be crushed into a fine powder, make sure and leave some chunks. Step 2Melt the butter. Mix the melted butter with about half the crushed Oreos. Press the mixt ure into the bottom of a 9 x 13 pan to for the pie crust. You can in addition use a regular pie plate if you prefer. Step 3 Mix the cream cheese, vanilla pudding, milk, and whipped cream. It is best to use an electric hand mixer on medium speed to get a smooth texture. Taste the mixture, you may want to add some clams if you would prefer a sweeter flavor. Pour the mixture over the crust. Step 4 Pour the remaining crushed Oreos on top. Refrigerate for an hour or until cool. INGREDIENTS (9-inch size) graham or cookie pie crust 8 ounces cream cheese, softened 1 cup powdered sugar 8 ounces instant vanilla pudding mix 16 ounces Cool Whip 1 1/2 cup milk 20 Oreo cookies, crushed 1 teaspoon vanilla extract DIRECTIONS Beat cream cheese and sugar together. In another bowl, beat pudding and milk until thick. Add cool whip and vanilla to pudding. Add cream cheese mixture to pudding mixture, inspiration well. Layer the cookies crumbs and the pudding mixture into crust beginning with a layer of cookie crumbs and reserving enough cookie crumbs to cover the top.

A Look At Greek Lyric Poetry And John Cage Essay

Music goes beyond language barriers it speaks no language but that of the he artistic creation. However, like all art forms it has tenets and principles as to what is good harmony and what is simply noise. How about when artists claim that their works are medicament when it seems that these are perceived to be avant garde, not the kind of music that dominates the cultural period and worse, does not come from tradition?This paper seeks to take a look at the music in Hellenistic Greece, in particular(prenominal) a lyrical by one of its known muses, Sappho, with her only surviving complete work, Ode to Aphrodite, and compare it with what is considered to be experimental composition from John batting cage, his 433. Both bandages were meant to be performed although how these are performed also raised questions. past Greece is revered to be a center of learning, where arts and culture flourished.It was one of the places where the earliest treatises on the different art forms were w ritten, and they were keen to what constituted good and bad art, giving raise even to debates as to what is the function of art. Plato was known to promote the arts that lead inspire peoples thinking, not their emotions, for he considered human emotions a weakness, and also because during that time musical scales developed from the study of the harmony in the universe, the numeric equations used by the Pythagoreans (Henderson, 1957).It was because of this that he did not approve of the poets lyrics, because it deviated from the musical modes they were used to and relied on what sounded good to the ear, making music became accessible to the people (Anderson, 1966). Sappho was one of those poets whose lyric poetry when sung communicated the love and sensuality it contained, as with her work Ode to Aphrodite, deviating from their traditionally highly mathematically composed melodies where people were supposed to be quiet and beware to rigidly, for her lyric love poems were made to b e felt and inspire emotion.In this way, Sappho, and her contemporary poets at the time helped create a turn for Greek music. alike(p) Sappho, John Cage contributed to music with his compositions, characterized as avant-garde especially his chance pieces. However, his work that challenged perceptions and definition of music is his notorious 433, a piece where for four minutes and thirty-three seconds the orchestra plays nothing.John Cage wrote this piece when he realized that there will always be sound, and deliberately wrote Tacet, to instruct the player not to play. What Cage wanted for the audience to hear was the different sounds that occur during the interval the piece is played all the various sounds that one does not contribute attention to because they listen to something else. This is different from silence, unless the figuratively the sound of silence, since Cages point was that there is always sound if one listens intently (Cage, 1973).Both Sappho and Cages music differ ed from one another in that Sappho was expressing herself through her poetry, while Cage was making the listener turn to his environment. Although created in different environment and cultures, twain musical pieces can be interpreted in a personal way, making it a unique experience. Sapphos Ode to Aphrodite can mean something else to a young listener than it used to in ancient Greece, and of course Cages 433 would always conjure something unique for each individual.What this shows us is that although music is made in a certain era, it can transcend the boundaries of time as long as it resonates with what is human and universal, as an appreciation for the sounds around us and those that speak of love, and that although music is governed by principles of what makes it good, it will always be a matter of personal experience. SOURCES Anderson, W. (1966). Ethos and Education in Greek Music.Cambridge, HUP. Cage, John. (1973). Silence Lectures and Writings, Wesleyan Paperback. Henderson, Isobel (1957). Ancient Greek Music in The New Oxford History of Music, vol. 1 Ancient and Oriental Music, Oxford, Oxford University Press. http//homoecumenicus. com/ioannidis_ancient_greek_texts. htm, Accessed on June, 15, 2009. http//www. greylodge. org/occultreview/glor_013/433. htm , Accessed on June 15, 2009.

Alison Bechdel Essay

Female curious creators made a great impact on the fishy industry although they are not so many. They gained apprehension since they have beginning to create comic novels. Women creators have worked an every genre from superheroes to romance, westerns to war, crime to horror. Their subjects of discussion have expanded as womens role in society has changed. They are on pressure in the society because the model of women is determined by the society and they have to write like that. However women comic creators still have found mainstream or underground success sexual congress the stories they want to tell.This underground comic movement attracted women artists, as it allowed more mature themes and in-person work than the commercial newspaper and comic book industry of the period. Underground comics are the self-published comics which are socially relevant and satire in nature. The underground commercialise allowed for a more open depiction of sexuality and in the 70s and 80s ope nly lesbian and bisexual artists told their stories in comic book form, such as Alison Bechdels Dykes to Watch Out For and graphic novel swordplay home base. Alison Bechdel is an American cartoonist who was born in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania.She interested in the underground comics and she began to write in this field. She is lesbian feminist artist and her works consist of the feminism and lesbianism movement. Her work, Dykes to Watch Out For, was 1 of the earliest ongoing representations of lesbians in fashionable culture. The strip mainly follows the life and times of a group of lesbian friends in an unspecified location in the USA. But as time passes, some straight and male characters are also introduced. The strip focuses on a wonderful group of counterculture friends, most of whom are lesbians.And this book gathers a adequate collection of the strips spanning from 1987 through 2008. This book also contains an introduction, also in comic form, about how Alison Bechdel came t o spend her career writing this incredible comic. In the book, Bechdel Test is introduced which is apply to identify gender bias in fiction. Many award-winning collections of Dykes were published in book form by an independent feminist press, and were translated into several languages. consort to Bechdel, her strip was half op-ed column and half endless, serialized Victorian novel.The op-ed column refers to the fact that theyre all highly engaged with the social and political issues of their time. The exchange character Mo Testa is a lesbian feminist who is always complain everything and Mo looks like Bechdel herself. The characters are political activist who rarely cast off LGBT demonstration. LGBT is an initialism that collectively refers to the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community. They debate how to combine their ideals and their lively days. They constantly analyze race and gender and how these impact their lives.They work at domestic abuse shelters, or electi on bookshops, or as college professors, or as environmental layers. They feel betrayed when one of them gets involved with a man and then realize that this reaction goes again everything they consider in. They write theses on how literary representations of hypersexual lesbians and women of color contrast with their actual experiences of desire. And whatever else theyre doing, they never lose the ability to laugh at themselves. This work seems as a lesbian feminist novel, it is actually how very universal and how human it is.Anyone who struggles to be the best person they can be and to live according to their ideals. They give probably be able to relate to these characters and their conflicts. Bechdel says in her introduction that her goal in writing the strip was, first of all, to make lesbians visible and secondly, to explode essentialism by portraying them as labyrinthian and diverse human beings. She succeeded brilliantly Mo and company is nothing if not completely human. Her other work is bid Home which is an example of underground comics.It is a graphic memoir which chronicles the authors childhood and youth in rural Pennsylvania, United States, focusing on her complex kind with her father. The themes of work are sexual orientation, gender roles and family life. It includes photographing herself in poses for each human figure. Bechdel combine comics and memoirs in this book. Fun Home has been both a popular and critical success, and spent two weeks on the New York Times Best Seller list. It was nominated for several awards, including the National Book Critics Circle Award and triad Eisner Awards.The memoir focuses on Bechdels family and the relationship between Alison and her father. Her father was a funeral director and English teacher. The books title comes from the family nickname for the funeral home. Her fathers two occupations reflect in the work focus on death and literature. Her father had homosexual relationship in the military and the high school. Her father was killed in the Sunbeam Bread truck however Alison Bechdel concludes that he committed suicide. She writes this novel as an autobiography and she tells everything about her father, their relationship and his death.She keeps to the reality and she does not escape to telling the realities. She mentions her fathers homosexual aspect and she does not conceal this. The story is also deal with Alison Bechdels struggle to find her get sexual identity. She realizes that she is a lesbian and her coming out to her parents. The memoir frankly examines her sexual development, including transcripts from her childhood diary, anecdotes about masturbation, and tales of her first sexual experiences with her girlfriend, Joan. She and her father share their ideas about this situation and both of them express their dissatisfaction with their given gender roles.In the Fun Home, there are so many themes but the biggest theme is sexual orientation. Bechdel tells her journey to findin g her feature sexuality in this book. Alison is not alone choosing her partner because her father is also homosexual. Bechdel and her father are in the same situation. oneness of them is lesbian and the other one is gay or bisexual. In the book, her mother discovers her husbands situation and this makes the book as a tragedy. They have problems because of her fathers situation. Bechdel shows how people skirmish some difficulties when they identify their sexuality.However Bechdel and her fathers conversation reflect their respects to find the sexual identity. The other theme is death in Fun Home. Bechdel family always encounters the death because of the fathers job. Alison Bechdel reflects the death in the novel and she believes that her fathers death is not an accident. According to Alison Bechdel her father commits suicide because of his own sexuality or Alisons sexuality. This is not clear in the book it remains as an unclear death. Bechdel shows the death in two different aspe cts.One of them is the job of her father and the other one is causing of her fathers end. The job combines with her fathers death. Moreover she combines his death because of his own sexuality. Being a homosexual causes her death and she does not believe his death as an accident because of this reason. She examines his death in the book and she reflect her views about his death in Fun Home. She uses some allusions in the novel and these allusions come from the Greek mythology and visual arts. The events of Bechdels family life during childhood and adolescence are presented through these allusions.Bechdel questions whether her decision to come out as a lesbian was one of the triggers for her fathers suicide. Bechdel closely examines the connection between her fathers closeted sexuality and her own open lesbianism. Bechdel, as the narrator, considers her relationship to her father through the myth of Daedalus and Icarus. As a child, she confused her family and their Gothic Revival home with the Addams Family seen in the cartoons of Charles Addams. 43 Bruce Bechdels suicide is discussed with reference to Albert Camus novel A Happy Death and essay The Myth of Sisyphus.

Banking Industry in Bangladesh: Its Contribution and Performance

journal of Business Research, vol. 3, 2001 This article is brought to you by www. bdresearch. org entrusting Sector in Bangladesh Its share and Per nameance Sharif Rayhan Siddique* A F M Mafizul Islam** Abstract The root word attempted to highlight the prospects and opportunities of banking welkin in Bangladesh. Like separate sparing sector in the country, swaning is one of major sectors which contri pacifye to the issue economy. The see tried to furnish the overview of the performances of banking sector and to a fault find out the comparison among the various categories of banks with respect to the Profitability.Finally, the paper tried to effect the linear alliance among the various variables and great deal profit of the banking sector. 1. Introduction buzzwording sector of Bangladesh is one of the major sectors, which contributes significantly to the national economy. The sector comprises a flake of banks in various categories. Considering ownership the sector can be classified in to four major categories such as Nationalized commercial jargons (NCBs), vary Banks (SPBs), Private Commercial Banks (PCBs), and Trans-National Banks (TNBs). The list of banks under different categories is furnished in the appendix A.The study has been initiated to analyze the parting of this sector and its profitability. This paper attempts to provide an overview of the contribution of the sector in national economy. The paper also analyzes the profitability of different categories of banks. Finally a regress analysis has been done to examine the relationship amongst the profitability and other variables. 2. office of the Banking sector in National Economy Economic development of the country is executed by the contribution of various economic sectors. Like agriculture, industries, power, transport, rade service, etc. , banking sector also has a contribution to the economic increase. In mid 80s Banking and Insurance contributed 1. 69% of GDP and gradually the figure was increasing. The level best contribution was 2. 09% of GDP in the year 1993 and it was 2. 00% in 1996-971 Average growth target of this contribution was 1. 51% of GDP, which shows a official trend. Again, the sector makes a positive(p) reach on the economic development by generating employment. In the year 1980 total number of employees in this sector was 59,235 but with in 15 geezerhood of time the figure shoot approximately double to 101,444. The average out growth rate of employment generation was 3. 76% (1980-1995). Countries like Bangladesh use up a file of its unemployment, where as banking sector still keep certain impact on employment generation. __________________________ * Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Administration, University of Dhaka. ** Associate Professor, Institute of Business Administration, University of Dhaka. 1 Calculated from the data collected from Economic Trend, December 1997. 2 Ibid. 2 Banking Sector in Bangladesh Its co mponent and Performance Branches of the banks were also growing significantly.Increasing branches head a wide service provider to the population of Bangladesh. Overall growth rate of the bank branches was 2. 11% (1980-1995). But before 1990 the rate was 3. 00% and after 1990 it was 0. 92%. In early 80s for the first time Government of Bangladesh (GOB) allowed private sector to unravel commercial banks. At that time number of bank branches was growing rapidly. In the early 90s this growth rate was reduced, which may be because of the saturation stage. Individuals and business establishments used to cook their savings in the bank and borrow money form it.More the bank branches more people can be covered to avail them in banking function. Average population per branch was 19,875 during the period from 1984 to 1995. Because of the higher population growth rate (2. 22%),3 in spite of increasing branches, the population per branch was also increasing. Commercial banks are one of the p rofit making organizations, they are also making money by investing their stick arounds to the profitable venture through lending to the entrepreneurs. Commercial banks earn money from interest for loan and commissions and service charges for the services and it incurred expenditure as well.Average profit per taka of expenditure was 0. 10. Before 1991 this figure was quite good, but after 1991 the ratio was negative up to 1993. Maximum figure was in the year 1982 that was 0. 23 and minimum was -0. 04 in the year 1991. Recently the ratio became 0. 07 in the year 1995. During 1991 to 1993 final profit was negative. i. e. commercial banks spent more than earning but again they improved the situation by reducing their expenditure matchd to income. Banks income generated by the positive efforts of their employees.Efficient employees can earn more which observed a positive impact to profit generation. Income per employee can be one of the indicators of commercial banks performance. Ave rage income per employee from 1980 to 1995 was Tk. 227,046, i. e. per employees contribution to income was more than Tk. 2 lacs. The ratio was increasing significantly with the average growth rate of 12%, to Tk. 371,297 in the year 1995. A country leads itself to the economic development by investing and producing more in the local area. Investment can be ensured through increased savings rate.Mo sort outization ratio indicates a positive impact to the economic growth. This ratio is Broad Money to GDP. Average monetization ratio was 28% of GDP, and it was growing significantly from 17% in the year 1981 to 35% in the year 1995. 4 Commercial banks, as a whole, performing well and alter to the economic development of the country. The average profitability of all banks collectively was 0. 09% during 1980 to 1995, which means profit Tk. 0. 09 earned by utilizing assets of Tk. 100. In every aspect of profit, banking sector contributes to national economy as well as to the individual orga nization.Despite overall growth of the banking sector was positive, but the performances of different categories of banks were non equally attractive. Following section would compare analytically the performances of various categories of banks. _____________________________________________ 3 4 Calculated from the data collected from Statistical twelvemonthbook, 1996. Ibid. Journal of Business Research, Vol. 3, 2001 3 3. Profitability of the Different Categories of Banks A Comparative Analysis Main focus of this comparison on net profit earned by the banks.Profit ratio, profit per taka of expenditure, profit per employee, profit per branch, profit per recruit account, profit per taka of investment, profit per taka of deposit (savings), and per capita profit earned by the banks will be the variables for this analysis. various(a) groups of banks catch different performances in foothold of profit. Average eyeshades were reason for different categories of banks over the period fro m 1980 to 1995. 3. 1 Profit Ratio In case of profitability, i. e. amount of profit per Tk. 100 of asset. The ratio indicates the effective utilization of assets.Performance of the organization can be expressed by this ratio. Average profitability ratios for the various categories of banks during 1980 to 1995 were exhibited in the table below Table 1 Profit Ratio for discordant Banks Banks Profit Ratio (%) NCBs 0. 08 SPBs -0. 32 PCBs 0. 13 TNBs 0. 71 Over all 0. 09 Source Adopted from data in Appendix B. The table indicated the performances in terms of utilization of assets in generating profit TNBs were the best. Specialized Banks had a very worst situation in utilizing of their assets, by showing negative average net profit.Though as of 1990 net profits were increasing positively, but from 1991 to 1995 these net profit were gradually decreased to negative because of their declining income. On the other hand TNBs performance was excellent as compared to overall banks performance. Average growth rate of net profit for TNBs was 39%, which was extremely good. 3. 2 Profit per Taka of Expenditure Banks earned profit by subject expenditure for their procedures. Effective usage of financial resources led to a commendable profit situation. How much profit earned by spending one taka is the measure of efficiency of an organization.Following table shows net profit per taka of expenditure for the different banks Table 2 Profit per Taka of Expenditure for Various Banks Banks Profit per taka of expenditure (Tk. ) NCBs 0. 029 SPBs -0. 092 PCBs 0. 033 TNBs 0. 307 Overall 0. 10 Source Adopted from data in Appendix B. 4 Banking Sector in Bangladesh Its Contribution and Performance Over all average profit was Tk. 0. 1 by incurring expenditure of Tk. 1. i. e. average return on expenditure was 10%. But in case of individual performance SPBs had negative average return on expenditure (-9. %), on the other hand TNBs performance (30. 7%) was above the industry average. Other than these two NCBs and PCBs both had vulnerable situation. 3. 3 Profit per Employee Effective utilization of human resources produces higher return. Earned more profit by few numbers of employee indicates commendable performance of the banks and human efficiency. Since the temper of the industry is service oriented, so human efficiency depends on intellectual abilities of the employees. Following table shows the comparison among various banks Table 3 Profit per Employee for Various BanksBanks Profit per employee (Tk. ) NCBs 4,538 SPBs -34,216 PCBs 9,659 TNBs 285,659 Over all 12,88 Source Adopted from data in Appendix B. Over all profit per employee was Tk. 12,880, i. e. each employees average contribution to the net profit was Tk. 12,880 in a year. TNBs as compared with overall, the figure was extremely good (Tk. 285,659). There are two indications for this picture, one is TNBs had highly efficient employees, and other is little number of employees. On the other hand except SPB s (which had negative figure), NCBs average profit per employee was Tk. ,538, which was far below from TNBs, even below from overall performance, which shows un-utilized human resources. 3. 4 Profit per Branch All categories of banks have numbers of branches covering wide range of the population of the country. To provide service to the wide range of people, banks have to establish multiple branches. Contribution to the total profit of different branches was varied, depending on the amount of deposits and elicits. Table below expresses average profit contribution by the branches. Table 4 Profit per Branch for Various Banks Banks Profit per branch (Tk. ) NCBs 6,205 SPBs -491,827 PCBs 181,548 TNBs 13,171,737 Over all 210,481 Source Adopted from data in Appendix B. 5 Banking Sector in Bangladesh Its Contribution and Performance Considering all commercial banks in Bangladesh, these were earned on an average Tk. 0. 064 from investing one taka. The average Return on Investment (ROI) wa s not inadequate (6. 4%) as compared to any business. In case of TNBs this rate was very attractive (12. 7%), but except SPBs, both NCBs and PCBs had 1. 2% and 2. 5% respectively. 3. 7 Per Capita Profit Commercial banks are operating countrywide by offering services.Accumulating funds and distributing them to entrepreneur was the main function of commercial banks. Wider area insurance coverage makes the commercial bank more comfortable in terms of operation. Per capita profit earned by the commercial bank would indicate overall economic forte of banking system. Average profit gained per head can be expressed in the table below Table 7 Per Capita Profit for Various Banks Banks Per Capita Profit (Tk. ) NCBs 2. 53 SPBs -5. 25 PCBs 1. 46 TNBs 2. 51 Over all 10. 66 Source Adopted from data in Appendix B. Average profit per individual in the country for all banks was Tk. 0. 66, i. e. banking sector earns over Tk. 10 per head. But using same coverage for different categories of banks, the picture would be different. In case of NCBs operation they gained on an average Tk. 2. 53 per individual, where as TNBs earned Tk. 2. 51 per head. Apparently these two figures were same but considering the coverage in terms of number of branches, NCBs have 170 time more branches than TNBs. 3. 8 Overall Situation Considering all variables regarding profit, TNBs were doing extraordinarily good operation in this sector. Because of the policies and managements TNBs performance was better.Keeping TNBs aside, PCBs performance comparatively better. As far as the ownership was concerned both NCBs and SPBs were same. PCBs started their operations in 1982, before the Government of Bangladesh controlled that total financial sector. But after allowing private sectors to operate commercial banks, PCBs were gradually capturing the market share. Surprisingly SPBs had negative performances in every aspect because of their negative net profit. 4. Relationship of Profit With Other Variables In th e above section comparison of profitability among various groups of banks has been discussed.But it was desired to know about the sensitivity of profit on various variables. Journal of Business Research, Vol. 3, 2001 6 doubled regression analysis has been done to analyze the relationship between net profit as dependent variable and asset, expenditure, number of employees, number of branches, number of advance accounts, investment, time deposit are as independent variables. In this paper it was assumed that the relationship among the variables was linear, which is ? = A + B? + C? + D? + E? + F? + G? + H? . i) where, ? is net profit ? is number of employees ? is amount of expenditure ? is number of branches ? is amount of investment ? is amount of asset ? is amount of time deposit ? is number of advance accounts A is constant The following section expressed the determination of coefficient of the independent variables, which indicate the degree of influences on net profit by correspo nding variables. 4. 1 Regression Result Based on data provided in appendix C, the values of coefficients and constant were metric and also found the relationship among them.Multiple linear regression equation is expressed in equation (ii). ? = 68459+0. 002 ? -0. 186 ? +0. 159? -0. 084? +0. 003? +0. 133 ? -1. 0310-6?. (ii) Above linear equation shows that some of the independent variables have positive relationship and others have negative. Amount of expenditure, amount of investment and number of advance accounts all have negative relationship with net profit. On the other hand amount of asset, number of employees, number of branches and amount of time deposit have positive relationship with net profit.Further, the strength of the relationship among the variables measured by the coefficient of determination (r2). The value was calculated as 0. 89, indicating very strong relationship. Therefore, the independent variables collectively may play important role on earning net profit i n the banking sector as a whole. 4. 2 Scope to Improve of Profit In the equation (ii), it was evident that some of the independent variables have positive impact on net profit, though the degree of influences was very low. Net profit may increases by increasing values, which have positive relations.From equation (ii), it was 7 Banking Sector in Bangladesh Its Contribution and Performance clear that number of employee, number of branches, amount of asset and amount of time deposit have positive relations with net profit. From above relationship, it can be explained that if number of employee increased by one, the net profit will increase by Tk. 0. 002 crores, i. e. every 1,000 employees can contribute Tk. 2 crores to net profit. This indicated that on that point might be still opportunities to generate employment in this sector and can contribute to the national economy.Again number of branches has also positive impact on net profit. Equation (ii) reflects that increase in one branc h may increase net profit by the amount of Tk. 0. 159 crores, which also testifies that there was still scope to increase branches. In Bangladesh there were opportunities to establish branches in the rural areas where lots of business potentials were looking for the banking service. Another variable the amount of asset has positive relationship with net profit. Even it has very little influences on profit every Tk. 1,000 crores of assets would increase net profit by the amount of Tk. 3 crores.Therefore, it was plain that there was still room to increase the amount of asset to earn more profit. Finally, the amount of time deposit was other variable, which has positive influences on net profit. Coefficient of this variable in equation (ii) was 0. 133, this indicated that every Tk. 1,000 crores increase in time deposit would increase profit by the amount of Tk. 133 crores. Analyzing above relationship, time deposit has stronger influences on net profit. Therefore, banking sector as a whole may increase their contribution to national economy if the amount of time deposit was increased.Analyzing the regression equation it was clear that some of the independent variables have positive control over the generation of net profit, and also might increase the contribution of the banking sector to national economy by increasing the values of those variables. 5. Conclusion The performance of the banking sector in terms of net profit varies in various groups of bank. The study revealed that in every aspect, TNBs had a commendable performance. But comparing among other groups of banks (NCBs, SPBs, and PCBs), PCBs had preferred achievement aiming profit. On the other hand Specialized Banks in Bangladesh had a very poor performance.This meager activity affected the overall banking sectors performance. The comparison among various categories of banks has been done on the basis of the profit with respect to some other variables. The study also revealed the relationship among th e dependent variable and independent variables. The equation (ii) shows the weights of the independent variables that influences net profit of the banking sector. Finally, the paper intended to identify the scopes and opportunities of the factors by which over all net profit might increase, and contribute to the national economy.Journal of Business Research, Vol. 3, 2001 8 References 1. Mohammad Moqbul Hossain Bhuiyan. (1995). Managerial Effectiveness of Private Commercial Banks A Comparative Study. Journal of Business Studies, Vol. XVI, No-1, June. 2. Sujit Ranjan Saha. (1996). Ancillary Business and Profitability of Banks Trends and Prospects. Bank Parikrama. Vol. XXI, Nos 1 & 2, March & June. 3. Taufic Ahmad Choudhury and others. (1994). Comparative Characteristics of Profit Earning and Loss Incurring Rural Bank Branches in Bangladesh. Bank Parikrama. Vol. XIX, Nos 3 & 4, September & December. 4.Abdul Ghafar Ismail. (1993). Deregulation and Bank Behaviour in Mixed markets. Th e Asian Economic Review. Vol. XXXV, No 2, August. 5. Dipendra Sinha. (1996). Savings and Economic Growth in India. The Asian Economic Review. Vol. XXXVIII, No 3, December. 6. Amar Chand Kaushik. (1996). Impact Study of Regional Rural Banks Credit on Income Generation an d Poverty Alleviation in Rural Haryana. The Asian Economic Review. Vol. XXXVIII, No 1, April. 7. David Lynch. (1996). Measuring Financial Sector Development A Study of Selected Asia-Pacific Countries. The Developing Economics. Vol.XXXIV, No 1, March. 8. Schiller, Bradley R. (1994). The macro Economy Today. Sixth Edition. McGrawHill Inc. , New York, USA. 9. McConnell, Campbell R. and Brue, Stanley L. (1993). Macro Economics. Twelfth Edition. McGraw-Hill Inc. , New York, USA. 10. Fischer, Stanley. , Dornbusch, Rudiger. And other. (1988). Introduction to Macroeconomics. 2nd Edition. McGraw Hill, New York, USA. 11. Department of Statistics. (1997). Monthly Economic Trends. Bangladesh Bank. December. 12. Bangladesh B ureau of Statistics. (1997). Statistical Yearbook of Bangladesh 1996. Seventeenth Edition. November. 9Banking Sector in Bangladesh Its Contribution and Performance Appendix A List of Banks a Nationalized Commercial Banks (NCBs) Agrani Bank Janata Bank Sonali Bank Rupali Bank Ltd. b Specialized Banks (SPBs) Bangladesh Krishi Bank Bangladesh Shilpa Bank Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank c Private Commercial Banks (PCBs) Arab Bangladesh Bank Ltd. Islami Bank Bangladesh Ltd. National Bank Ltd. The City Bank Ltd. IFIC Bank Ltd. United Commercial Bank Ltd. Pubali Bank Ltd. Uttara Bank Ltd. Al-Baraka Bank Bangladesh Ltd. BSIC Bangladesh Ltd. Eastern Bank Ltd. National Credit and Commerce Bank Ltd.Prime Bank Ltd. Southeast Bank Ltd. Dhaka Bank Ltd. Al-Arafah Islami Bank Ltd. Social Investment Bank Ltd. Dutch-Bangla Bank Ltd. d TNBs Hanil Bank Hongkong Bank Society General Bank American Express Bank Ltd. ANZ Grindlays Bank Plc. S tandard Chartered Bank State Bank of India Habib Bank Ltd. Citi Ba nk N A Banque Indosuez National Bank of Pakistan Muslim Commercial Bank Ltd. J ournal of Business Research, Vol. 3, 2001 10 Appendix B Various Data for PCBs Year 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 Advance Assets Net Profit Expenditure Employees BranchesAccounts (cror (cror Tk. ) (cror Tk. ) (no. ) (no. ) (no. ) Tk. ) 82 2132 1877 8 173 11562 628 8429 5202 14 245 11813 653 283320 6381 16 281 12756 693 267393 7768 22 366 13552 715 178460 7208 25 438 14810 771 160220 9072 14 594 16107 824 160834 9514 2 682 16916 865 165290 11059 (11) 765 17486 902 169549 12445 (8) 886 18034 942 84913 15502 12 819 17826 943 90599 15783 16 865 18806 metre 102055 24190 72 907 19777 1047 117985 26794 Various Data for TNBs Net Advance Expenditure Employees Branches Year Profit Accounts (cror Tk. ) (no. ) (no. ) (cror Tk. ) (no. ) 1980 3 20 912 21 1882 1981 8 25 984 21 542 1982 11 32 999 21 2910 1983 12 45 1061 20 2888 1984 15 62 1042 20 3098 1985 18 77 1051 20 3610 1986 14 98 1064 22 3929 1987 22 119 1114 22 4144 1988 21 146 1124 22 4887 1989 7 147 1123 22 3971 1990 18 154 1135 22 3890 1991 25 99 789 18 2355 1992 38 65 826 18 2463 1993 54 92 826 18 3969 1994 68 106 888 19 6329 1995 90 146 926 23 9215 Investment (cror Tk. ) 76 293 346 327 396 506 554 787 750 653 879 1266 1439 Assets Investment (cror Tk. ) (cror Tk. ) 757 1280 1526 1476 1848 2281 2887 3245 4330 4697 4694 5575 4297 4377 5832 7111 51 70 109 118 156 163 177 196 300 279 358 340 228 203 260 266Related article Padma Bridge

Impact of video games in society Essay

A word-painting mettlesome is an interactive computer that displays a video signal, dispense withing you to play thousands of seconds on your boob tube or handheld video game device. (Wikipedia, Video Game) We have came a very long way since the very first type of video game console was invented by Ralph Baer in 1967. From the very first console, the Brown Box to the much interactive video game consoles such as the Wii, Playstation, XBOX or the handheld Nintendo DS. Regardless of which video game is being employ, it has made a wide impact in lifes of many children, as well as adults today.In the beginning, the games were exploiter friendly and parents did not have much to worry about if they purchased a video game for their child. pull back Pac Man for example, a very simple game where the player Pac Man eat dots and tries to avoid getting touched by an enemy. Now in 2012, we have games such as diagnose of Duty which focuses on killing members of the opposite team. As we as a society became more unquestionable in technology, the video game systems became more and more high tech. For todays generation, playing a 3D interactive video game is normal.The manifest function of video game systems of today is the expertness to connect the console to your television and even internet and play virtually with friends online. In 2009, it was reported by the Entertainment Software Association that nearly sixty-eight percent of households told have at least virtuoso gaming system. There are many video games aimed at children today that can be used as a learning tool. However, the amount of violent games greatly outweighs the educational ones. There are many sociological impacts from video gaming systems today.Gaming systems are a very popular way of retention children and teenagers entertained. Teenagers and children are becoming more and more addicted to these gaming systems everyday, which could lead to many issues such as poor school work or childhood obe sity. Instead of doing homework or playing out-of-door as we did before video games became popular, children are spending hours a day sitting on the compose due to the addictiveness of these games. Many of the games being sold today are full violence and teaching children disadvantageously morals such as sexuality, drug trafficking and even rape. agree to Dr.Craig Morrison, a professor of psychology at Iowa State University, even if children are playing games without violence, these children are forty percent more likely to indicate aggressive behavior after playing. The latent functions of these video gaming systems are quite clear. If we continue to allow children to play them it will lead to childhood obesity, violence as they grow older and even escape of motivation to communicate with the real world. In 2007 a sixteen year old boy in Ohio killed his own mother and shot his father simply because they took a game away from him, Halo 3. According to the boys lawyer, he was in jured in an accident that did not allow him to go anywhere, so he focused all of his time, energy, and nighly anger on playing this video game. When his parents decided the game was too violent, they took it away, causing the boy to snap. This is just one example of how video games can unintentionally lead to violence, and in this case death. The University of Texas performed a study on the relations of childhood obesity and video games.Results were plunge to be that video games, due to their addictiveness were the cause of the childrens overweight status, and not linked to watching television as some may argue. It was found that children with a high weight status spent more time inside and less time performing outside activities, such as sports or riding bicycles. Perhaps the parents are to blame for allowing their children to do this however, many parents today are of the working class group, sometimes being forced to leave their children unattended to do whatever they please. Each and every video game is required to have a rating. There are seven total.Early childhood being the most non-violent and inappropriate. The rating Adults Only, requiring the purchaser to be eighteen years or older. Titles in this category usually take on scenes of intense violence and or graphic sexual content and nudity. Even with the ratings, these video games are lull getting into the hands of children.As our society and technology begins to grow, the problem will continue to worsen. Citations (Iowa State University newspaper Article) http//www. public. iastate. edu/nscentral/news/2007/mar/vvg. shtml (Cleavlead. com Article) http//blog. cleveland. com/metro/2008/12/boy_killed_mom_and_shot_dad_ov. html.

Kimi Dora

Blog Number One Oh, You atomic number 18 so anomalous and Im Love it By Kenneth Esteleydiz de Guzman (Submitted for an Essay Class in DLSUD) I know that you maintain already watched a lot of curious considers around. But one thing you shouldnt miss is the photographic film directed by Ms. Joyce Bernal, and was produced by for specify Films. This movie will surely make you giggle and laugh so hard I swear to you that every minute that you will spend in this film will never make you whole tone doubtful and regretful for the concomitant that this is rattling worth watching. Ill tell you now the title of this movie.My practically love movie ever for this year is Kimy Dora, starring Eugene Domingo. Kimy Dora is a film that is about twins who are identical. Kimy Go Dong Hae is the older of the two, she was non that smart when she was newfangled but suddenly after she got a typhoid fever (a very high and severe fever), and she became really smart It was like she ate a dictiona ry Doctors said that her brain could have been affected by the severe illness she had. She became a warfare freak as well. She is also insecure for having less attention from her dad and from her very much loved man, Johnson (played by Dingdong Dantes) who admires Dora a lot.Dora (Kimmys twin sister) on the other side isnt so smart but not so dumb as well. Dora may be compared to those who are mentally challenged because of the way she acts this happened because she was born inside a toilet public treasury and got her head bumped inside it when she came out from her mothers womb. Her parents thought that they would only have one young lady who was Kimy but what happened was that when their mom was a I know that you have already watched a lot of funny films around. But one thing you shouldnt miss is the movie directed by Ms. Joyce Bernal, and was produced by Spring Films.This movie will surely make you giggle and laugh so hard I swear to you that every minute that you will spend i n this film will never make you feel doubtful and regretful for the fact that this is really worth watching. Ill tell you now the title of this movie. My much loved movie ever for this year is Kimy Dora, starring Eugene Domingo. Kimy Dora is a film that is about twins who are identical. Kimy Go Dong Hae is the older of the two, she was not that smart when she was young but suddenly after she got a typhoid fever (a very high and severe fever), and she became really smartIt was like she ate a dictionary Doctors said that her brain could have been affected by the severe illness she had. She became a war freak as well. She is also insecure for having less attention from her dad and from her very much loved man, Johnson (played by Dingdong Dantes) who admires Dora a lot. Dora (Kimmys twin sister) on the other side isnt so smart but not so dumb as well. Dora may be compared to those who are mentally challenged because of the way she acts this happened because she was born inside a toilet bowl and got her hea bout to poop in a toilet bowl, and it was Dora who came outTheir mom died due to severe bleeding and shame due to what happened. Knowing the fact that Dora is a bit mentally challenged, Kimy hated her so much. But one thing that proved that Dora was not retarded was when Kimy was kidnapped she was competent to take over of their company even though Dora only pretended as Kimy to make sure that people wont panic for the lost of Kimy. At the end of the film, Dora and Kimy were able to be good sisters again and Kimy realized that she shouldnt mistreat her sister as to what she usually did before.The apprehension why I really love this film is that Eugene Domingo is also one of my favorite comedians. She has that kind that of pander that would make me burst out. This was the first movie wherein she got the major role and the great thing is that she got the best actress honour for this movie. Another reason is that the movie also has moral lessons, lessons that w ould surely make your heart cry. I meet you should really watch this movie not just for fun but for simple lessons as well. solely go and grab a copy of this now and be astonished of the laughter that this movie mightiness bring to you.

Health Care Hall of Fame Museum Proposal Essay

wellnessc ar has existed for centuries. As a society we have gone from primitive treatments like casting spells to revolutionary infirmity breakthrough and throughs. The United States has held steadfast in the evolution of healthcare delivery causing the delivery of healthcare to ontogeny by magnitude proportions. The 1900s was a time that changes in healthcare and the delivery of it began to emerge in the United States. Scientists started taking an change magnitude interest in sicknesss. Cardiology developments have helped with the treatment of heart malady, monitoring and prevention. burden Disease is the number one galloping cause of death in America. (Ameri piece of tail Heart Association, www.heart.org). Heart disease goes as far back as Egyptian Pharaohs, British monarchs and American Presidents. Unhealthy behaviors causing an increase in the risk factors amongst Americans have greatly affected the health of our society as a whole. Americans lead with sedentary lifest yles and the supersize mentality.Early interventions to reduce the risk factors that cause heart disease are essential. psychological illness has been frowned upon since ancient history. The United States was no different. Some people feel that mental illness is not a physical problem and is just a behavioral or spiritual problem that can be controlled. The mentally ill have been maltreated and put through deplorable, inhumane conditions. Introduction of neuroleptic drug medication in the 1950s helped in the recovery and helped those who were mentally ill live in the community. noetic health became a priority and care in institutions and hospitals started to improve. The Mental Health Act 1986 (the Act) countenances a legislative framework for the care, treatment and protection of people with mental illness for psychiatrists to implement. (Treatment plans under the Mental Health Act).The national Institute of Mental health has a mission to transform the understanding and treatme nt of mental illnesses. break healthcare choices can be made with the use of biotechnology. ergonomics is not a new science. It goes as far back as 500 B.C. It is beneficial with the development of medication, research on drugs, stem kiosk research, gene testing and therapy. Modern biotechnology provides breakthrough products and technologies to combat debilitating and rare diseases, reduce our environmental footprint, feed the hungry, use less and cleaner energy, and have safer, cleaner and more efficient industrial manufacturing processes. (What is Biotechnology? http//www.bio.org/articles/what-biotechnology). Biotechnology has made major strides in healthcare like the eradication of small pox or gene therapy to help people battle auto immune diseases. Public Health is concerned with disease prevention and wellness promotion for the community as a whole. Epidemics, pandemic and outbreaks make public health an essential part of healthcare. Public health dates back to Biblical tim es. An example of this is the isolation of a patrimonial disease like leprosy. Lillian Wald the mother of Public Health Nursing led the crusade of helping provide medical care to the poor in the United States.The increase awareness of health and the healthcare coverage that would be needed led the United States to develop HMOs. HMOs provide medical treatment for patients on a prepaid basis. HMO members pay a fixed monthly fee, more often than not through an employer regardless of how much medical care is needed in a given month. A encompassing variety of medical services are provided after the fee is paid, from office visits to hospitalization and surgery. There are benefits to having an HMO. Preventive and well-care services, such as routine physicals and pediatric care, are provided at no additional cost. Co-payments practice to doctors office visits, prescriptions, hospital admissions, emergency room visits and some other services. You generally do not need to submit claim fo rms, except in cases when emergency care takes place alfresco of your coverage area. Research on diseases, health maintenance, and wellness continues to progress. Public Health continues to be an advocate for health and safety in the community. The United States continues to evolve in healthcare delivery.ReferencesAmerican Heart Association, Disease Information. (2000). Retrieved from http//my.americanheart.org/ victor/Research/Disease-Information_UCM_459537_Article.jsp Future of Biotechnology in Healthcare, Chapter Nine. (2011, August). Retrieved from http//www.amgenscholars.com/images/uploads/contentImages/biotechnology-future.pdf Institute of Mental Health. About NIMH. (October 6, 2014). Retrieved from http//www.nimh.nih.gov/about/index.shtml Public health history time line. (2014, September 6). Retrieved from http//www.sphtc.org/resources.html

Big Sky Resort Project

large-minded RESORT PROPERTY Ownership braggart(a) fling re business line is currently owned and operated by Boyne Resorts Comp some(prenominal), except its dorsumground is a min more interesting than that. In 1970, after his retirement and return to his home state on element 109, NBC newscaster Chet Huntley began create the recompense. In December of 1973 the sanctuary opened for the first meter. Unfortunately Mr. Huntley was non able to enjoy his compensate genuinely long as he died a few short months afterwards on sue 20th, 1974 at the age of 62.In 1976, Boyne Resorts purchased the seat and has managed it since then. Boyne Resort Company (BRC) owns and operates 11 stamping grounds in the Continental United States, with the highest number of resorts, 3, in the state of Michigan and one resort in British Columbia, Canada. They atomic number 18 self reportedly the third largest resort network in America and boast some of the scoop pop revealsnow sports destina tions, championship golf game scats, luxurious spas and a full menu of active life expressive style amenities. The federation has been family owned and operated since it was started by Everett Kircher in 1947, employees of 7,000 pile and has a goal to become the best four- chasten resort follow in the world by 2015, a goal they believe they ar intimately on the behavior towards. They atomic number 18 besides partners with the Cool Earth program to help protect the worlds rainforests. Types of nonplusment bear-sized sky arrive aters troika distinguishable property slips hotels & condo hotels, cabins & homes, and condominiums with a stunning 11 out of 14 live var.ings, equating to everywhere 800 lives, each(prenominal)owing entre for locomote in/ski out lodging right on the slope side.Big flicks White Water inn is a cause Comfort Inn sitting a little further away from the slopes, about 10 miles off property, on highway 191 that Big lurch purchased and conve rted into their own. This hotel boasts its own Spa and indoor piss slide. It is also located only 47 miles from the west entrance to Wyomings Yellow stone subject park, the closest of Big jactitates properties to Yellowstone. The Huntley auberge is the original hotel on Big Skys property envisioned and named after, you guessed it, Chet Huntley.Although its a simple room with only two beds, a desk, tin and a wet leave off, it is as Huntley imagined it, a slope side hotel. It also houses a spa, Chets bar and grill restaurant, shops, ski storage, and the Huntley dining room which is the dining room where any guests to Big Sky go for the complimentary breakfast buffet daily. Prices / boxs As you may expect from a resort that offers 14 different lodging properties, there are legion(predicate) different prices for each hotel. Interestingly enough, however, only one package/ specific centers on one hotel property. /5 of the packages offered by large-scale sky encompass exclus ively hotels, or a selection of multiple in one area. (See appendix). Normal prices on a nightly stem range from as little as $169. 00 for a one bedroom, two queen bed room in the Huntley Lodge to $2958. 00 for a four bedroom penthouse at the Summit at Big Sky. about hotel rates are little than $300. 00 a night for the lower end, one bedroom or studio apartment room. Services During the overwinter months big sky offers a breakfast buffet to all guests staying in any hotel on the property. Many of the lodging properties pose slope-side access for to the peck.All hotels either have a gym in them or a pool and properties that dont allow access to adjoining properties that do. There are over 20 ski lifts demanding skiers and riders all the way to the top of lone peak. Big sky offers ski school for children as young as 4 and adults of all ages. Facilities Big sky resort is a quite a little based resort and, during the winter, their primary activity is locomote and snowboarding. The mess hall offers 15 ski lifts ranger from sitting doubles to a fully enclosed tram that takes you to the top of lone peak.These lifts cast off skiers and riders access to well over 50 individual trails and three terrain parks. In the summer, lifts notwithstanding operate to bring you to lengthened hiking trails. At the base of the mountain lies chaw Village, the central point of the resort. The hotel and lodging properties are located either in the scurvy township or around it. Mountain colony contains Solace Spa & salon. The village center area contains the Yellowstone Conference Center. The conference center is comprised of the Missouri ballroom on the ground fundament which keep be divided into up to six individual rooms for meetings.On the upper floor there are four stand-alone rooms for meetings or small conferences. In the remainder of the village there are s up to now other meeting spaces. Snow crest lodge has a ski and snowboard letting shop in the ground floor. Big sky has 21 different dining options on property ranging from burgers and brats to a bar and grill that brews its own beer to upscale Italian restaurant priding itself on Tus squeeze out cuisine. Business cycle Big Sky is a mountain based resort that caters greatly to the skier and snowboarder crowd as well as snow tubers in the winter, making it its on season.However, Big Sky doesnt have an off season, honourable an abbreviated on season. Obviously during the summer months there isnt much ski to be had but there are plenty of other activities. An extensive network of hiking trails is the most obvious of the resorts summer activities on property. Among the multitude of other activities that big sky offers are some you might think of immediately, like goose egg lining and a scenic lift ride. Others still might take you by surprise much(prenominal) a skeet shooting and a disceptation wall. They also offer several Paintball courses throughout the mountain.Nearby Lake Levi nski and the Gallatin River offer squeeze outoeing, paddle boarding, white urine rafting and kayaking. moreover, Big sky advertises itself as be the perfect basecamp from which to visit nearby Wyomings Yellowstone National Park, with the west entrance to the park being a mere 47 miles away. The combination of Yellowstone national park and the summer judgment of conviction mountain based activities have the potentiality to attract a plethora of summer guests to Big sky resort. Seasonality Big Sky experiences cold winters with temperatures bond as low as 8 degrees on average but rarely higher(prenominal) than freezing, with a high of 34 degrees on average.Visitors can expect between 3 and 7 inches of snow periodic starting as early as late October in some cases. Summer weather is quite drastically different. Temperatures can rise to the mid 80s on average with lows in the 50s during the solar day and caged at night even as low as upper 40s. The cold and whitened winters ord ain be attractive to skiers and riders alike, seeking fresh snow or temperatures capable to make artificial snow. The warmer summers will be attractive for visitors looking to partake in out-of-door activities or visit Yellowstone.The cool nights could be a welcome refresher course or an unattractive infliction depending on how low they get However, I do not believe cooler nights will have a large impact on guests opinions of the resort. MARKETING Target Markets 1. Experienced skiers and riders is who big sky marketplaces to the most. With slogans like The BIGGEST locomote in America and multiple double diamond runs, as well as back coun attack access with no cleaned runs. In all likelihood, this segment does not produce the highest revenue, since they may travel alone or in small assemblys (2-3), but big sky markets themselves to call down to those right level groups.This segment could be drawn to Big Sky from around the world because of their compound and march on slop e structure. 2. Big skys second largest market segment is medium surface families (3-5 guests) or extended families for a reunion type vacation (7+guests) in the middle or higher class. Families with children aged 4 and older can sign their kids up for mini ski camp. This group will fill a volume of the rooms on property and more of the people in this market segment have taken up skiing or riding in recent years. This market segment might be drawn to Big Sky from around the country.Especially since the airport in the city of Bozeman has flights that come in directly from major metropolitan areas such as New York, Atlanta, Phoenix, and Seattle 25 propagation daily. During the off peak summer season, this group might make up an even larger majority of Big Skys Guests due to 3. Group Travel is another large market at Big Sky. They have rooms available to accommodate large groups. More specifically, groups will be comprised of older teenagers and college students(17-21) and young w orking professionals(22-30). Having everything you might destiny to do on a vacation to a mountain based resort, ncluding pools, shopping, of course skiing and riding on property Big sky is trying to get these groups and keep them on property. not to watch Yellow stone National park being less than an hour away, Big Sky really has everything any member of your group would urgency to do in the North West. This segment will most likely be drawn from a region. It is not very likely groups New Eng drop off, for instance, will travel to big sky when there are closer skiing options and if they do their return business is even less likely due to expensive travel costs. 4. asinine nesters (45+) may come to Big Sky to enjoy skiing and summer recreation.This segment can potentially be drawn from an international market. The spa at Big Sky would be icing on the cake for this group. It may offer a relaxing, slower paced day of fun and relaxation. The resort can cost particularly to those i ndividuals interested in the nations first national park, Yellowstone. The offer a botch country ski or snowmobile tours into the park to and from Big Sky. 5. Young bridges (24-30) or even couple trips who are two or more years into their working lives and have enough vacation time to come for an extended weekend in the begging or end of the ski season or potentially even during the summer.Even couples where one or both individuals are not experienced skiers or riders, Big Skys adult lesson programs can bring them up to speed. Furthermore, these couples who have skied or need refresher courses, or wish to take on more challenging runs can enlist in the advanced programs, like Master the Moguls a course for skiers level 7 and higher who want to learn to treat the bumps with style. How Big Sky Markets Big Sky markets itself as a year round resort although their primary season is the ski season.Their favorite slogan and possibly even motto is The biggest skiing in America. Much of their marketing uses the word Big, for example BIG Happiness is sprawled across an advertisement on their websites home screen with the big being shown in their own calligraphy (See appendix). During off season summer months Big Sky markets its Basecamp as The perfect headquarters for mountain adventures. Their brochure for summer activities explains over 10 of the summer hookings they have.Big Sky offers an eighteen hole golf course designed by Arnold Palmer in the 1970s and updated multiple times. Surprisingly, Big sky does not advertise their golf course almost at all. There is only one, small picture in their brochure of the course and a very limited page online. Its safe to say golf isnt a big attractive feature to Big Sky in the summer and it definitely is nice to have not need to have. You can tell winter is bigger at Big Sky on the button from the brochure. The winter activity brochure is twice the size of the summer one and it focuses on the mountain.Although Lone note and Flat Iron and Andesite mountains around it host almost all of the summer activities, they are the primary attraction in the winter. They advertise over 5500 acres of skiable runs, over 4000 straight feet, 26 lifts, 230 plus trails, ad over 400 inches of snowfall. They market themselves as Head and Shoulders above the rest siting more skiable acres than Vail, Colorado and more Vertical feet than Vail and Squaw Valley, California. The only time Big Sky stops talking about their ski slopes is to mention the resorts close proximity to Yellowstone and the trips they run there.Yellowstone is definitely integral in bringing them business, even in the winter and should have more emphasis placed on it, as well as other programs such as the spa. The spa has its own stand-alone brochure but is seldom mentioned elsewhere. RECREATION / ACTIVITIES Activities Spring, Summer, and Fall 1. muscularity line 2. High ropes course 3. Downhill mountain biking 4. Skeet shooting 5. Paintball 6. Laser Tag 7. scenic lift 8. Hiking 9. Climbing wall 10. Giant swing over 11. Bungee trampoline 12. Disc golf 13. Mountain iceboat or watercraft rentals 14. Golf 15. Yoga 16. Spa 17.Swimming pools 18. Fly Fishing 19. Whitewater Rafting 20. Horseback riding 21. Rock arise 22. Wildlife viewing 23. Childrens program including a. Dodge ball b. Face characterization c. Making terracotta pots d. Adventure look sharp e. Nature hikes and crafts f. Supervised disc gold g. Teepee camp out Winter 1. Skiing and Snowboarding 2. Zip line 3. High ropes course 4. Laser Tag 5. Bungee trampoline 6. Climbing Wall 7. Giant Swing 8. subway arranging Park 9. Snow cat Rides (To yellow stone) 10. Cross country Skiing (Yellowstone) 11. Sleigh Rides 12. Backcountry skiing 13. Yoga 14. Spa 15.Swimming pools 16. Wild life viewing 17. Childrens program including a. Dodge ball b. Face painting c. Making terracotta pots Activity and Market Segments Experienced skiers will primarily be attracted to Big Sky for the ir advanced ski runs and slope side lodging. However, many other aspects of the resort will aim attract this group to Big Sky over other resorts. The close proximity to Yellowstone national park is an out of the habitual aspect that can entice those skiers and riders who want to visit the park but dont want to make it the main focus of their trip.This group which obviously likes to ski may want to try a cross country ski trip to the park. The plethora of additional activities, such as zip lining, can encourage these guests to book longer trips and offer breaks in between days of skiing. The back country skiing can bring in travelers from greater distances who want to break away from the rigid ski slopes offered at mountains local to them. Even the options at the spa can bring in these guests that want to have the probability to be rejuvenated in a relaxing environment and then get right back on the slopes.During summer months, Experienced skiers wouldnt be attracted to Big Sky for the ski runs, but they might want to return for other outdoor activities like hiking on the runs they enjoy to ski. The other outdoor activities such as horseback riding and white water rafting will without a doubt attract this group, assuming that they are avid out door travelers wishing to spend more time in the beautiful state of nature around Big Sky. Middle Class Families might be attracted to the resort for skiing because of the multiple day lift ticket discounts or the abundant range of attractive lodging styles, from economical to the lush ad luxurious.Not to mention, when booking through Big Skys central reservation administration or enrolling a child under ten years old young children (under 10) get to ski for free The Tube Park is also another great aspect for children. The other attractions like zip lining, the giant swing, and bungee cord trampoline can entice families in both the winter and summer months, as well as the children programs. Furthermore during the sum mer families may want to go hiking or white water rafting together. A warm Montana day might be the perfect instalting for a father and son golf trip, or skeet shooting.Big sky could attract group travelers because of the plethora of activities. It really does have something for everyone in your group. Trips to yellow stone, yoga, stone climbing, and the spa are all enticing to different members of these groups. No single event or attraction can be attributed to this group, however low rates for condo style living at Alpenglow can entice this crowd. Empty Nesters who have reached a later age in life, and accumulated more time off with their companies now have a little extra cash flow since they are no longer supporting children.The slower paced activities at Big Sky, like Golf or the spa can appeal to this group Even going on a relaxing hike or fly sheet fishing trip. The more adventurous in this group might want to try white water rafting, skiing or cross country skiing to Yello wstone. Of course. there is always just the pool Although Big Sky doesnt really do weddings, and the closest thing to anything seeming romantic is a free bottle of champagne when you book two nights its apparent that young couples are glide path for the romance.Virtually all the activities could appeal to this group, skiing, downhill biking, horseback riding, high ropes, zip line, white water rafting. Why not enjoy all this duration your young? RELATION TO TEXT Similarities 1. Big Sky is a type one resort (PG 25). Type one resorts, by definition are international destinations with excellent mountains and wide variety of lodging and real-estate accommodations. With 14 hotels ranging from simple double-double hotel rooms to more advanced condominiums, Big Sky lives up to the plethora of lodging options. Lone mountain and lone peak are offer upreme runs with much variety, all the way from a bunny hill with green circle runs to double diamonds near the peak, and even back country skii ng. Big Sky definitely meets the criteria for a type one mountain based resort. 2. locate just 50 miles south of Bozeman, MT and Bozeman/Big Sky airport there is airline access direct from 13 major cities in the US, including New York, Chicago, Las Vegas, and Portland. The book states that the more attractive the site, the farther people will be willing to travel to ski there (PG 33). The size and scope of Big Sky resort can attract people, not just on a national basis, but also internationally.The resort seeks to target not just local or regional guests, willing to travel up to half a day, but also those seeking to travel farther, and stay longer. 3. Big Sky offers 4,350 just feet to ski on Lone Mountain. For an area this size the book recommends one to two thousand vertical feet of lift (PG 42). The Southern Comfort high speed quad alone can carry 4 skiers 1,250 vertical feet. Big Sky has 15 lifts, one gondola, and 5 surface lifts throughout the mountain and is consistently know n for little to no lift lines. 4. The way the way the lodging at Big Sky is laid out is nearly verbatim to the book (PGS 46-47).The resort offers a good mix of Hotel style lodging and condominiums. Mountain Village, at the base of the mountain, squeezes in a high density of lodging accommodations, many of the slope side. These include Summit Hotel, Snowcrest Lodge, and Huntley Lodge. Farther away from the base, but still offering slope-side access are the Lone Moose and Saddle Ridge properties, offering Condo and Townhouse style lodging, respectively. They are more bulky and offer a higher quality of room / amenity, but also are more expensive. 5. Mountain Village is a key feature to Big Sky resort.The book suggests that a base village is integral to a new kind of four season resort, like big sky (PG 88). Not only does Big Skys Mountain Village offer restaurants, lodging, and retail outlets near chairlifts, but also other activities, like ice skating, and a place to sign up for the m at the concierge and basecamp facility. In the lobby of the Huntley / Shoshone lodge is the Spa and Yellowstone Conference center. This complex which offers both hotel and condo style lodging options is the focal point of the base village area. Big Sky has certainly created a miniature town just for their guests.Differences 1. The book discusses the use and necessity of permits when dealing with land owned by the United States Forest Service, or USFS (PG 27). Although Big Sky operates on about 100 square miles of USFS land it seems apparent that some principles describe in the book are being overlooked. Although the resort is a cool earth partner and does a lot to help the environment other aspects USFS and the National Ski Areas Association try to meet are suffering. The establishment of local economies f and sustainable communities is suffering. Big Sky uses all of the land it has for ski runs and Local lodging.The work force needs to either travel from far away or get temporar y housing and be bussed in from two properties operated by Big Sky for employees. altogether one is open during the summer. 2. General design guidelines outlined by the book highlight the necessity of linking what is special about the local area and creating a strong emotional link between the local humankind and natural environment (PG 34). By not putting a good foot forward to build a more permanent and affordable living area for general population they are greatly constricting the possibility of forming this strong bond between locals and themselves.Local people may grow discontent with the resort if they cause the area to belong to the tourists. 3. Adding illumination to Big Sky could potentially increase capacity by up to 60% (PG 40). Big sky does not have any options for night skiing and, while the potential risk and possible insurance costs are understandable, they are limiting themselves to the short hours of daylight during the winter months. Half of US ski areas offer ni ght skiing and by not the resort is missing out on potential guests that may want sleep in and ski later in the day and into the evening.These groups will simply spend money and ski elsewhere. 4. North northeast cladding mountains retain snowfall better by having less sun exposure (PG 40). Big Sky has set their runs up to be facing directly east, right in the face of the rising morning sun. This could potentially create a hazard for skiers coming down the slopes early and cause snow blindness. This sun exposure also causes snow to melt faster and potentially harm the integrity of runs. Because of this, more trees may be needed on the runs for shade, which could in turn limit the use of the mountain for runs. 5.Parking, everyones worst nightmare (PG 45). Big Sky wasnt really built around the idea that many skiers would drive in and out, and it shows in their position. Big sky has 4 parking lots and only 1, and a small one at that, is remotely close to the lifts. Big sky clearly sac rificed close parking for slope side lodging. Since they have already built up the prime parking areas with Mountain Village, an idea as suggested in the book would be to make underground parking. Putting even one level underneath the base camp could make for an extremely efficient parking system and use of space.COMPETITION Local Heading south from Bozeman, MT will take you right to Big Skys doorstep, but going east will bring you to a local antagonist, Red Lodge Mountain Resort. Red Mountain Lodge, or RML, has a close proximity to Big Sky, but they are miles apart in many other similarities. The most obvious is the mountain. By comparison, RML has a much littler mountain with less lifts. Also apparent, is the mountain base. Where Big Sky has a lively mountain town with shopping, activities, hotels, RML has, well, nothing.Their lodging properties are located sporadically around the area. There is the actual town of Red lodge off the base of the mountain, but not far. This active h ost community is something that Big Sky doesnt have. Because of their limitations in a base village, RML offer far fewer (almost no) other venues of entertainment besides the town and the mountain. The only exception to this is their golf course. They offer an 18 hole golf course run by the resort and located near the town of Red Lodge. National Alyeska Resort, in Girdwood, Alaska is a national competitor to Big Sky.Also making the top 40 list of ski resorts in North America by Outsideonline. com, Alyeska is no small time resort. Alyeska only has a couple of hotels and limited runs on the mountain, 73. However their system of 8 total lifts compliments the mountain well. Alyeska Also offers night skiing, which Big Sky does not. The resort and mountain is also well known, having hosted the US Alpine champion ships 5 times, the latest in 2009. Alyeska chargers comparable with(predicate) prices for comparable rooms to Big Sky, so guests willing to travel wont choose one over the other because of price.Alyeska also has a spa complete with yoga classes. The average snowfall is 512 inches, which is over a ascorbic acid inches more that Big Sky can boast adding the grandeur of the runs. International Located in Savoie, France Les Trois Vallee, or The three Valleys ski resort is the largest ski resort in the world. It is actually comprised of three separate ski resorts linked together since 1963 so its possible to ski between all of them. The Resort is actually 8 different resorts all operating together between the 3 vales and 4 ridges that create the mountain.The mountain has 183 different lifts, 37 of which are gondolas, servicing 600km (375 miles) of skiable areas spread out between 335 runs. Trois Vallee offers an even more extended list of accommodations between their 8 resorts than Big Sky. The range from self-catered apartments and chalets, small ski side houses, to hotels and holiday clubs. This collection of resorts is a competitor to Big sky because the off er a similar experience with the mountain base village. The intertwining of multiple resorts compounds this and gives guests multiple venues to enjoy time off the mountain.